The adoption of Christianity as the state church of the Roman Empire in AD 380 and the fall of the Western Roman Empire to Germanic kings conventionally marks the end of classical antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages. The imperial seat moved from Rome to Byzantium and following the capture of the city of Rome in AD 476, it became its sole capital as Constantinople. The Empire was later ruled by multiple emperors who shared control over the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. From the accession of Caesar Augustus as the first Roman emperor to the military anarchy of the 3rd century, it was a Principate with Italia as the metropole of its provinces and the city of Rome as its sole capital. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia, and was ruled by emperors. Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post- Republican period of ancient Rome. The Roman Empire ( Latin: Imperium Romanum Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, translit.
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